AI in Judicial EducationExploratory Project
Article X. Contents of Writings, Recordings, and Photographs

Rule 1004. Admissibility of Other Evidence of Contents

Effective January 1, 2014

See Rule 1004 on the heat map

An original is not required and other evidence of the content of a writing, recording, or photograph is admissible if:

(a) all originals are lost or destroyed, and not by the proponent acting in bad faith;

(b) an original cannot be obtained by any available judicial process;

(c) the party against whom the original would be offered had control of the original; was at that time put on notice, by pleadings or otherwise, that the original would be a subject of proof at the trial or hearing; and fails to produce it at the trial or hearing; or

(d) the writing, recording, or photograph is not closely related to a controlling issue.

Opinions in this dataset that cite Rule 1004

No opinion in this dataset is coded as citing this rule.

Source: the Indiana Rules of Evidence, reproduced for browsing. Rule text as supplied, including the amendment to Rule 103(b) effective July 1, 2026 (Order, Cause No. 26S-MS-8); other rules carry their own effective dates. This is an unofficial copy; check the official text before relying on it. Not legal advice.